Developing Gross Motor Muscles Using The 3r Program, Training Movement Skills With Equipment for Children with Mild to Moderate Intellectual Disabilities

Abstract

This research studies the development of gross motor muscles using the 3R core program and movement skills training with assistive devices in children with mild to moderate intellectual disabilities. The objective is to develop gross motor skills using the 3R core program and movement skills training with assistive devices in children with mild to moderate intellectual disabilities and This study aimed to compare gross motor skills before and after implementing the core 3R program for motor skills training with assistive devices in children with mild to moderate intellectual disabilities. The research sample consisted of 58 secondary school students from Phuket Pany Anukul School, academic year 2025, selected using purposive sampling and divided into two experimental groups. Using a test score from the 29 students with the lowest scores, the second experimental group, which received the 3R program, was surveyed for 12 weeks. The research results showed that the 3R program, which involved training children with mild to moderate intellectual disabilities in gross motor skills, improved from a score of 4.90 to 9.31. While there were variations in gross motor skills, all children showed improvement. A comparison of gross motor skills of students before and after the implementation of the 3R core program for movement skills training with equipment for children with mild to moderate intellectual disabilities showed that before the experiment, experimental group 1 scored higher than group 2. After 12 weeks of training, experimental group 2 showed significantly higher gross motor skills than group 1.