Legislative Frameworks and Their Effectiveness in Addressing Workplace Harassment and Bullying: A Comprehensive Examination

Joseph T. Moraca; González  Aguilar Vivian

Authors

Joseph T. Moraca Universidad Regional Autónoma de los Andes, Ambato, Ecuador.
González Aguilar Vivian Universidad Regional Autónoma de los Andes, Ambato, Ecuador.

Keywords:

Legal Framework;, Bullying;, Workplace Harassment;, Environment;, Stress;

Abstract

This study examines the effectiveness of legal frameworks in fostering a safe and inclusive workplace by addressing harassment and bullying. Workplace bullying manifests in various forms, including verbal abuse, physical aggression, public humiliation, and social exclusion, leading to adverse consequences on employee well-being, productivity, and organizational performance. Factors such as stress, power imbalances, and heightened competition contribute to the persistence of workplace bullying. A comprehensive approach is necessary, including the implementation of zero-tolerance policies, reliable reporting mechanisms, and protections for all employees regardless of their abilities or backgrounds. A cross-sectional survey methodology was employed to assess the prevalence and impact of bullying and harassment across multiple sectors, including banking, education, government, hospitality, and multinational corporations. The study prioritized ethical considerations by ensuring participant confidentiality and obtaining informed consent. The findings indicate that at least one-third of the workforce is affected by bullying, either as victims or bystanders, leading to increased absenteeism, deteriorating health, and diminished workplace efficiency. To combat this pervasive issue, collective efforts from employers, employees, and stakeholders are required. Legislative frameworks should be continuously evaluated and updated to reflect the evolving nature of workplace dynamics. Employment contracts should explicitly outline the rights and responsibilities of both employers and employees regarding workplace dignity. Furthermore, anti-discrimination policies should comprehensively address biases based on gender, race, religion, sexual orientation, age, ethnicity, physical appearance, and other factors. Establishing a workplace culture rooted in respect and fairness is imperative to eliminating bullying and harassment in professional settings.

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