A Study of Changde Gaoqiang: The Interplay of Music, Performance, and Cultural Identity

Abstract

This study explores the artistic characteristics and value of Changde Gaoqiang, a significant branch of traditional Chinese opera known for its distinctive music and performance style. The research aims to highlight the importance of its protection, inheritance, and development as intangible cultural heritage. A qualitative research methodology is employed, involving a detailed analysis of more than 30 basic tunes and over 70 variations of Changde Gaoqiang. The study focuses on the different singing forms, such as rolling singing and gang singing, and examines the influences of Yuanshui boat songs and Zhapai chants on the performance style, categorizing it into vocal and instrumental Bangqiang. The study also analyzes the integration of the Zhongzhou rhyme spelling standard with the local Changde dialect, emphasizing regional characteristics in the performance. Further, it identifies the four main roles in Changde Gaoqiang—Sheng, Dan, Jing, and Chou—and examines the incorporation of local music forms like Shaman tune, Nuoyuan tune, and Yugu tune, which enhance the expressiveness of the opera. Additionally, the performance effects are enriched by the inclusion of stunts that captivate audiences. The findings of this research offer a deeper understanding of the musical style and performance techniques of Changde Gaoqiang, contributing to the preservation and development of this traditional art form while providing valuable insights for the evolution of modern opera.