An analysis of folk rhythms in works by Nebojša Jovan Živković

Abstract

This research, entitled “An Analysis of Folk Rhythm Concepts in the Works of Nebojša Jovan Živković,” examined the composer’s background and compositional concepts, as well as classical music literature and marimba literature that incorporate folk rhythm concepts. Three compositions were selected for analysis: Ultimatum I, Ilijaš, and Uneven Souls, with a focus on the characteristics of Balkan folk dance rhythms used in these works. The objectives of this study were to analyze Nebojša Jovan Živković’s concepts of folk rhythm usage and to present and publicly perform the selected works. The research employed a qualitative methodology through the study of documents, books, research papers, websites, and interviews with experts, combined with score analysis and performance practice. The researcher examined the use of complex meters and pulse subdivisions found in Balkan folk music, including 5/8, 7/8, 9/8, 11/8, 13/8, and 15/8, and applied these concepts in rehearsal and live performance.

          The findings revealed that Nebojša Jovan Živković incorporated Balkan folk rhythm concepts as essential compositional elements in his works. His compositions feature the use of complex meters and diverse pulse subdivisions that reflect the distinctive characteristics of folk dances from different Balkan regions, resulting in unique rhythmic identities and innovative performance styles. Furthermore, understanding pulse subdivisions and the concepts of short–long rhythmic patterns in Balkan music enabled performers to rehearse and perform the compositions more accurately and effectively.