Buddhist Art in Southern India During the Andhra Period (1st century BC - 3rd century AD)

Abstract

The Buddhist art of South India is distinguished by its unique fusion of local artistic traditions and influences from earlier Buddhist art forms. The development of Buddhist art in this region can be categorized into significant periods based on artistic evolution and the influence of various ruling dynasties. One of the most crucial periods is the Andhra era (1st century BCE – 3rd century CE), during which Buddhist art flourished extensively. This period saw the integration of indigenous artistic styles with external influences, resulting in a diverse and intricate artistic tradition. The study of Andhra-era Buddhist art is essential for understanding the artistic and cultural development of South India during this time. During the Andhra period, Buddhist art received substantial patronage, particularly in the construction of stupas and the creation of highly detailed sculptures that reflected contemporary religious beliefs and traditions. Furthermore, the artistic exchange between local styles and external influences, such as Gandhara and Mathura art, contributed to the distinctiveness and variety of Andhra Buddhist art. Research on Buddhist art from this period highlights its role in propagating and preserving Buddhist teachings through visually expressive and symbolically rich artistic creations. The influence of Andhra Buddhist art extended beyond South India, shaping artistic developments in other regions of the Indian subcontinent. Thus, the study of Andhra-era Buddhist art is crucial for comprehending the broader artistic and cultural landscape of South India. It also sheds light on the dynamic cultural exchanges that took place, contributing to the region's artistic diversity and historical significance.