Using Real-Time Simulations in Teaching Typhoon and its Risks

Abstract

Education is shifting towards modern approaches, particularly through integrating digital resources and STEM in the classroom. One key innovation in science education is simulation tools, which offer interactive and engaging ways to teach complex concepts. This study presents the development of a learning packet on typhoons and their associated risks, incorporating real-time simulation tools such as Project NOAH and Zoom Earth. These tools allow learners to visualize typhoon movements, interpret hazard data, and connect science concepts with real-life applications. Guided by the Successive Approximation Model (SAM), an iterative design process was followed to refine the learning materials through expert feedback continuously. A needs assessment among 25 in-service science teachers identified commonly used instructional materials—videos, PowerPoint presentations, and laboratory activities—with limitations in promoting deep learning. To address these gaps, two simulation-based learning activities were created and validated by 34 pre-service and five in-service teachers. Evaluation results showed strong agreement on the instructional design, clarity, and overall effectiveness of the learning packet, with ratings ranging from 3.71 to 3.96. Integrating real-time simulation tools supports STEM learning by making abstract meteorological processes more tangible and engaging. Moreover, this work aligns with SDG 4 (Quality Education) and SDG 13 (Climate Action) by fostering student disaster preparedness and scientific understanding, thereby contributing to global goals. This study demonstrates that simulation-driven instructional materials can enhance both conceptual understanding and climate resilience in science education.