The King as a Dharmaraja: Buddhist Perspectives on Righteous Rule and Patronage
Keywords:
Buddhist, Economics, Thailand, SustainableAbstract
The concept of the Dharmaraja (righteous king) plays a significant role in Buddhist political thought, emphasizing the monarch’s duty to rule according to the principles of Dhamma (Dharma). Rooted in Buddhist texts such as the Cakkavatti-Sīhanāda Sutta, Dasavidha-Rājadhamma, and the edicts of Emperor Ashoka, this ideal envisions the king as a protector and promoter of righteousness, ensuring the welfare of his people through moral governance and patronage of the Sangha. This article explores the historical and doctrinal dimensions of the Dharmaraja concept, analyzing its influence on Buddhist kingship across different regions, including India, Sri Lanka, and Southeast Asia. By examining scriptural references and historical case studies, this study highlights how Buddhist rulers have legitimized their authority through ethical leadership and the support of Buddhist institutions. Additionally, the article discusses the continuing relevance of the Dharmaraja ideal in modern Buddhist societies.
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