LOCAL GOVERNANCE AND DECENTRALIZATION IN THAILAND

Abstract

This academic article aims to examine and analyze local governance and decentralization in Thailand by focusing on relevant concepts and theories, the development of decentralization under constitutional and legal frameworks, and the contemporary context of local politics and administration. The study employs a documentary analysis of related academic literature and policy documents. The findings indicate that although Thailand has made systematic efforts to promote decentralization, local government organizations continue to face significant constraints, including limited authority and fiscal autonomy, disparities among localities, governance challenges, and policy discontinuity. Critical analysis suggests that decentralization can effectively strengthen grassroots democracy only when a proper balance exists between central state authority and local autonomy, accompanied by institutional capacity building, enhanced public participation, and effective accountability mechanisms. The article argues that legal and structural reforms, together with appropriate oversight arrangements, are essential for advancing sustainable local governance and decentralization in Thailand.