1. Roles and Ethics of Authors

• Authors must certify that their published work has not been previously published or disseminated elsewhere.
• Authors must certify that they have not misrepresented or modified results that deviate from the actual findings.
• Authors whose names appear in the article must have genuinely participated in the work.
• Authors must not hire individuals whose names do not appear on the work to write the article.
• Authors must write articles in accordance with the journal's specified format.
• Authors must not plagiarize others' work and must properly cite whenever presenting others' work or using any content from other sources, with complete references at the end of the article.
• In cases where the author's work involves research and experimentation on humans or animals, the author must obtain permission from the human or animal research ethics committee and indicate this in the article. The approval for publication ultimately depends on the editorial board's consideration and is final.

2. Roles and Ethics of Editors

Editors are responsible for reviewing, screening, and controlling the quality of articles for publication in the journal according to its scope, objectives, and standards, including verifying article quality in the pre-publication evaluation process.

• Editors must not disclose information about authors or reviewers and must be responsible for maintaining confidentiality.
• Editors must treat authors with academic reasoning, evaluate articles with fairness, without bias toward articles or authors regarding institutional affiliation, ethnicity, religion, gender, culture, political views, etc.
• If plagiarism or improper reproduction from other articles, or data manipulation is discovered, editors may retract articles without the author's consent, which is considered the editor's right and responsibility.
• Editors must not have conflicts of interest with authors or reviewers and must not use works or journals for commercial purposes or claim them as their own work.
• Editors should not write articles for publication in their own journal.

3. Roles and Ethics of Peer Reviewers

• Reviewers must consider article quality, evaluate articles based on academic reasoning, with fairness and without bias toward articles or authors regarding institutional affiliation, ethnicity, religion, gender, culture, political views, etc.
• Reviewers must be aware that they have genuine expertise in the field relevant to the article being evaluated.
• Reviewers must not seek benefits from academic works they have evaluated.
• Reviewers must provide academic recommendations to authors and must maintain the confidentiality of article information by not disseminating any part of the article until it is officially published.
• If reviewers find that text or any part of an article is similar to or copied from other works, they must immediately notify the editor through the appropriate process and in writing.
• Reviewers must strictly adhere to the evaluation timeframe specified by the editor.